欧洲高等教育研究与高等教育政策及实践的关系

The Changing Relationships between Higher Education Research and Higher Education Policy and Practice in Europe

根据不同的主题领域高等教育研究可被划分为：定量－结构方面，与知识、学科相关的方面，与人相关或与教学相关的方面，以及组织与行政方面等。因此，高等教育研究是涉及教育学、心理学、社会学、政治学、经济学和商学、法律和历史等的跨学科研究。与美国和中国相比，欧洲的高等教育研究较少建立在教育院系基础之上，而是依靠大学里的跨学科研究机构把提高学术质量和相关的政策与实践连接起来。近几年，公众对高等教育研究系统知识的兴趣开始增长，但是从中获利较多的却是那些评估研究、所谓的专家报告以及指针研究等非学术性的高等教育研究。总之，高等教育研究的制度基础在不同的欧洲国家呈现出前所未有的多样化。

Research on higher education can be described best according to thematic areas: quantitative-structural aspects, knowledge and subject related aspects, persons-related, research-related and teaching and learning aspects, and finally organizational and administrative aspects. Thereby, interdisciplinary analysis draws from pedagogy, psychology, sociology, political science, economics and business administration, law and history. In Europe, higher education research is to lesser extent linked to educational faculties than for example in the U.S. or in China. Interdisciplinary research institutes within universities try to bridge high academic quality with relevance to policy and practice. In recent year, the public interest in systematic knowledge on higher education research has grown, but evaluation studies, so-called expert reports and indicator studies have profited from this change more than academically sound higher education research. Altogether, the institutional basis of higher education research in the various European countries has become more heterogeneous than ever before.