以眼動方法探究幼兒閱讀繪本時的注意力偏好

Examining Preschoolers’ Attention during Storybook Reading: Evidence From Eye Movement

本研究利用眼動技術(eye-tracking technique)探究學齡前幼兒閱讀繪本時的注意力分布與歷程。受試幼兒為十三位4歲與5歲的學齡前幼兒，使用的閱讀材料為三本彩色繪本及兩本黑白線條繪本，並由眼動儀(FaceLab4.5,Hz60)紀錄受試者的注視與閱讀繪本的注意力資料。研究發現，學齡前幼兒在閱讀繪本時，注意力大多集中在插圖上，而在閱讀插圖的過程中，與故事情節相關的插圖比較受到注意。此外，醒目標記的文字並不會增加學齡前幼兒對文字的注意力。在本研究中，4歲與5歲學齡前幼兒在閱讀插圖、文字、與故事情節相關插圖以及醒目顏色文字等注意力上沒有顯著差異。

This study involved investigating preschoolers’ attention during storybook reading by means of eye-tracking technique. Thirteen four and five year old preschoolers participated. Five storybooks differing in the layouts of the print and richness of the illustration were displayed on a computer monitor. Participants’ eye movements (e.g., fixation locations, fixation duration, scanpath, etc) were recorded using an eye tracker (FaceLab 4.5). Results showed that children mostly focused on the illustration while spending very little time on the print despite the design of the print and illustration. Specifically, context-relevant illustrations received significantly more fixations while manipulations on the print (i.e. highlight in yellow) did not seem to attract these young children’s attention. The age effect was not found and four and five year olds performed similarly on reading storybooks.