以家庭優勢為焦點的個別化家庭服務計畫－任務性團體過程與成果

Individualized Family Service Plan Based on Family Strengths: The Process and Outcome of a Task Group

研究者帶領某社會福利機構十位社會工作者進行為期之一年之任務性團體，此團體之目的為協助參與者學習以優勢觀點為基礎之家庭評量與擬定個別化家庭服務計畫的技術。資料來源包括團體逐字稿記錄、團體成員心得，資料分析則是依循質性研究的方法。研究者分就過程與成果的角度，呈現研究結果，並於文中以實例呈現研究參與者以家庭優勢為焦點所擬訂之個別化家庭服務計畫。在過程部分，研究參與者學習到家庭優勢評量以及依此擬定與執行IFSP 之專業知識、對於自己工作的方法有了重新的檢視與反省；在成果部分，此任務團體不僅滿足研究參與者個人的需求、並將機構內之IFSP 表格增列家庭優勢之相關欄位，使得機構之早期療育服務流程以及服務內容獲得改善，達到了滿足機構需求的團體目的。最後，研究者依據研究結果，提出下列幾項研究建議：一、IFSP 應以家庭優勢為焦點，才能實踐早期療育服務中以家庭為中心的信念；二、釐清IFSP 與家庭處遇之間的關係，整合服務單位中所有之紀錄表單；三、協助實務工作者獲得持續且定期的專業訓練、督導或互動討論；四、提供早期療育社會工作、醫療復健與特殊教育工作者家庭優勢之相關訓練；五、進行後續研究，以釐清家庭優勢為焦點之IFSP 和家庭充權之關係。

The researcher led a task group of 10 social workers from a social welfare agency for one year to learn Individual Family Service Plan (IFSP) skills based on family strengths. Participants were trained to assess family strengths, and to design and implement IFSP based on family strengths in order to practice family-centered early intervention services through social welfare agencies. Methods: Data include the transcripts of the groups and feedback from the participants. Qualitative research methods were employed to conduct data analysis. Findings: The researcher presented the research findings from the perspectives of process and outcome. Examples were presented in this paper to show the IFSP designed by the participants. From the view of the process, the finding showed that the purposes of this study were achieved: 1. Participants had a clearer understanding of the theoretical basis of family strengths and IFSP; 2. Through simulation and actual cases, the participants learned how to assess the strengths of the family as well as how to design and implement an IFSP; 3. Participants learned new ways of reviewing and reflecting their work methods. From the view of the outcomes, the finding also showed that the purposes of this study were achieved: 1. Participants had the ability to assess the strengths of the family and learned skills for designing and implementing an IFSP based on family strengths to meet the individual needs of study participants; 2. Having acquired and enhanced their ability, participants not only practiced familycentered early intervention services, they also assisted their social welfare agencies to modify the forms of the IFSP by adding a column for assessing family strengths. Thus, the early intervention services were improved, which met the needs of the organization. Conclusions/Implications: Based on the findings, the following research implications were suggested: 1. An IFSP should focus on family strengths to practice early intervention services; 2. The relationship between IFSP and family intervention and integrated service units should be clarified; 3. Regular continuous supervision is an important strategy for social workers to design and implement IFSP based on family strengths; 4. Follow-up study is needed to clarify the relationship of IFSP based on family strengths and family empowerment.