就毒品使用與性行為模式來探討台灣愛滋收容人之特性

A Study of Characteristics of Drug Use and Sexual Behavior of the Prisoners with HIV(+)/AIDS

本文探討矯正機關愛滋收容人在入監前之毒品使用行為與性行為模式，以了解愛滋受刑人之行為特性。研究對象以2006 年至2008 年在南部及東部之矯正機關內愛滋收容人為對象進行調查。調查包括基本資料、毒品使用行為、及性行為問卷量表。研究共有1334 人。資料分析結果發現，愛滋收容人有三個層面的同質性：（一）高男性比例、高度長期注射海洛因、高異性戀取向、高再犯或累犯者、高戒毒經驗、高家人同住率、以及高佛教及道教者「八高」取向；（二）是低有偶率、低教育程度、低工作收入、低使用毒品年齡、低使用保險套、低資訊利用率、低預防感染行為、以及低性伴侶檢驗HIV「八低」取向；（三）是常戒毒失敗、常出入監所、常無固定性伴侶、常到朋友及藥頭處所拿毒品、常共用針具、常亂丟使用過的針具、常常靠自己找錢、以及常重複使用針具「八常」取向。依據「八高、八低、八常」研究發現，可提供矯正機構愛滋收容人實務處遇與減害政策規劃之參考。

This purpose of this study was to understand the characteristics of the drug use and sexual behavior of the prisoners with HIV(+)/AIDS prior to serving their term. A quantitative research was conducted with a sample of 1,334 participants from 18 correctional institutions in southern and eastern Taiwan from 2006 to 2008. The questionnaire includes demographic information, drug use behavior, sexual behavior and AIDS Cognition Inventory. The findings indicate that the participants have homogeneous characteristics in three aspects: (1) Eight higher tendencies: higher rates of males, long term heroin injection, heterosexual orientation, frequent behavior recurrence, drug quitting experience, living with family members, and Buddhists and Taoists. (2) Eight lower rate tendencies: having a spouse, education level, income, age of drug use, using condoms, using information, infection prevention behavior, and partner's HIV examination. (3) Eight frequent tendencies: failure of quitting drug usage, often in and out of jail, lack of steady sexual partners, getting drugs from friends and drug sellers, sharing injection needles, throwing away used needles everywhere, getting money for drugs, and using injection needles repeatedly. The “eight high, eight low, eight frequent” phenomena may contribute to policy planning for treatment of drug addicts and prevention of drug addiction.