为“学术独立”而“办现在中国的大学”——冯友兰高等教育思想研究

The Research on Feng You-lan's Philosophy of Higher Education——Building “Contemporary Chinese Universities” upon “Academic Independence”

学术独立是贯穿冯友兰教育思想的一根主线，也是理解冯友兰高等教育思想的关键点。学术独立是民族独立的重要条件，要实现学术独立则需办好大学，尤其是要集中人力物力办好几所综合性研究型的“大大学”；要办好大学，则应尊重学术自身的独立和大学的自治权，政府和社会不应随意干预大学内部事务，不能用急功近利的眼光看待大学。前者体现了传统儒家的使命感，后者体现了传统道家的智慧。融会儒道智慧、贯通中西文化，使冯友兰的高等教育思想在某种程度上具备了超越时空的普遍意义。

Academic independence is the core value of Feng You-lan's Philosophy of Higher Education. This article tries to analyze Feng You-lan's Philosophy of Higher Education from the perspective of academic independence. According to Feng， academic independence is the prerequisite for the nation independence. To acquire the academic independence， we need to think how to build the world-class universities， especially how to concentrate our resources on those comprehensive and research universities to make them the best. This requires us to respect the academic independence and universities independence. The government and society should not interfere with the internal affairs within the universities. Feng's philosophy embodies the wisdom of both Confucianism and the Taolism， and bridges the west culture with the east. This would make Feng's philosophy acquires the universal and transcendental meanings.