美國師資教育理論的發展一一兼謹80年代美國師資教育改革

The Traditions of Reform in U.S. Teacher Education

美國80年代第二波的教育改革焦點為師資教育改革。剖析三篇有關師資教育改革報告書之後，發現改革理念背後的假設與師資教育的理論有密切的關係。本文以美國80年代師資教育改革背景為探討師資教育理論的社會文化脈絡，然後針對美國學者如S.Feiman-Nemser' KM. Zeichner、D.P. Liston 等人對師資教育理論的分鑽內容進行陳述，並佐以師資培育學程或課程為例證'希冀拋磚引玉為國內近十年來方萌芽的師資教育理論﹒研究，貢獻綿薄心力。

Through documentary analysis，this essay attempts to inquiry the traditions reform of teacher education in American.Firstly，the author discusses teacher education reform in 1980s. Then、outlines four distinct teacher education paradigms in twentieth century， which have different proposals for teacher education and related teacher education progr?ms.The traditions/paradigms are:(1)the academic tradition;(2)the social-efficiency tradition;(3) the developmentalist tradition; and( 4)the social-reconstructionist tradition.