教育勞力市場化的初期情況和影響機制：以七所師資培育中心的合格中等師資初職為例

The Marketization of Teaching Force and the Mechanisms of the Job-seeking: A Study of Certificated Teachers’ First

在師資培育制度改革10 年後的師資供過於求態勢下，本文根據七所師資培育中心在2003 和2004 年間所培育出的中等合格師資之求職結果，探討中等教育勞力市場化的初期情況和其影響機制。在此階段，雖然從包含代課教師的廣義教職面向看來，中等合格師資的勞動參與情況達8 成，可見當時合格師資供過於求的情形並不是很嚴重；但若僅從正式教職的狹義教職來看，中等合格師資正式的勞動參與情況為5 成多，師資供過於求的失衡現象的確已明顯需要政策處理。在教職取得的影響機制方面，人力資本的影響最為關鍵，也最為普遍；文化資本對公立正式教職的取得有顯著正向影響；社會資本和訊息效用則僅對私立正式教職的取得有顯著正向影響。整體看來，合格教師的教職取得機制差異也反映中等教育勞力市場中，公私部門的分隔現象。

Based on the analysis of the first job of those graduates from seven high-school-teacher education centers in 2003-2004， this article delineated the early situation of the labor market of teaching and explored the mechanisms on the job-seeking process at high school level since the reform of teaching education. From the point of obtaining generic teaching jobs， the match problem between needs and supply seemed not very serious. But for getting the official teaching position， it appeared quite apparent that the supply of teaching force was over the demand of it. In the job-seeking process， the effect of human capital was the most critical factor on all kinds of the teaching positions. However， the effect of cultural capital was significant on the acquisition of the official teaching positions at public schools. The effect of social capital was only significant on the acquisition of the official teaching positions at private school， just as the effect of signals did. In general， all of the mechanisms mentioned above constructed a segmented labor market of teaching.