高等教育之于学生发展：能力提升还是能力筛选？

Higher Education and Student Development: Capacity Building or Screening?

本研究从教育经济学理论出发，结合心理学的理论模型，构建了大学生能力发展汗职业发展的动力模型，并使用对工作单位中大学毕业生的抽样调查数据，实证分析了大学生能力发展和职业发展的影响因素，结果发现，人力资本理论和工作特征理论能较好地解释我国大学毕业生形成的劳动力市场。高等教育对大学生能力提升具有显著的促进作用，家庭文化资本对大学生能力提升的影响不显著。工作经验、高等教育层次和个人能力对收入水平有显著影响。个人能力、工作稳定性、对工作的适应性和灵活性、团队合作的程度以及参与决策的机会对大学毕业生的职业发展具有积极的促进作用。

Starting from the educational economics theories and combining the models of psychological theory， this paper constructs a dynamic model of capacity building and career development of college students. Based on the theoretical framework and a 2006 survey of college graduates， the paper empirically identifies the influential factors of college students’ capacity building and career development. The results show that the human capital theory and work characteristics theory explain the labor market performance of college graduates well. Higher education significantly facilitates capacity building， while family’s cultural capital does not have a significant impact on the capacity building of college students. The working experience， level of higher education and individual ability have impacts on individual earnings significantly. Individual ability， job stability， adaptability and flexibility to job， team work ability and participation opportunities in decision-making have positive impacts on career development of college graduates.