未完成的转型──普及化阶段首都高等教育的人才培养与学生发展

Unfinished Transformation: College Impact on Student Changes in Universal Access Phase in Beijing

本研究以高等教育影响力与学生发展相关理论为分析框架，利用高等学生调查数据，分析普及化阶段北京高等教育的发展特征和学生学业成就的影响因素。研究结果显示：(1)随着规模的扩大，高校学生在家庭经济背景、学业资源、学习投入以及学习行为中出现了多元化和导质化趋势，而高等教育机构的教学课程、教学方法等方面却没有对此作出及时的对应，人才培养模式的转型出现了滞后；(2)高校学生的学业成就不仅取决于所在高等院校的组织性特征、高校教学质量、学生基本特征以及他们与教师、同学之间的互动，同时也受到学生本人学习参与投入程度的直接影响。

Based on the theory of college impact and student development， using data from the Based on the dataset of Beijing College Student Development Survey (BCSDS)， this paper examines the characteristics of higher education system during the universal college access phase in Beijing and the factors determining student learning outcomes. Descriptive statistics and a probit regression model are employed for data analysis. The results show that with the dramatic growth in the number of students， students’ family economic background， academic qualification， learning effort and learning behavior are becoming more diversified and heterogeneous. In contrast， the curriculum and teaching methods have not made timely adjustment， and the transition for student cultivation model of higher education institution is lagged behind. The results also show that learning outcomes are not only a function of the direct and indirect effect of organizational characteristics of institutions. Institutional environment， student’s background and precollege traits， and the interaction with faculty and peers， but also the level of student involvement.