卡内基高等教育机构分类与美国的研究型大学

Carnegie Classification of Higher Education Institutions and American Research Universities

卡内基高等教育机构分类是目前在世界范围内有广泛影响的高校分类体系，本文通过分析美国卡内基高等教育机构分类产生的背景、过程及分类标准的几次修订，揭示美国多样化高等教育系统的形成及其特点，特别是通过对分类中研究型大学标准的变化，揭示研究型大学的本质内涵。

Carneigie Classification of Higher Education Institutions is an important classification system. The present essay reviewed the background and course of its evolution， as well as its revision. Applying Carnegie Classification as the heuristics， the diversified system of American higher education was further analyzed. The essential aspects of research universities were discussed.