高等教育研究中的”范式”与”视角”辨析

An Analysis of “Paradigm” and “Perspective” in Higher Education Research

范式在科学研究中提供的是一种基于对世界根本看法的方法论体系。在具体研究方法的层面或学科制度层面上使用范式这一概念，显得过于宽泛。判定一门学科是否成立的基本依据不是是否确立了某种范式，而是是否具有严密的范畴体系和以此为共同话语的学术群体。任何一种研究视角都意味着一套从基本的范畴、命题到方法原则构成的特定“话语系统“。学科性视角与方法论视角是两种既有的联系又有差别的视角。高等教育研究中的不同范式之争论还会继续下去，而多学科研究的方法也不会从高等教育研究的视野中消失。

A paradigm in scientific research provides a methodology based on a certain world view. Using the concept of paradigm with regard to specific research methods or at the disciplinary level appears excessively extensive. The foundation for judging the establishment of a discipline should be a strict category system and an academic group with a common discourse， rather than a paradigm. A research perspective implies some given “discourse system” involving a set of basic categories， propositions and methodological principles. While the debate on various paradigms is still continuing， multi—disciplinary methods also work in higher education research.