民国时期社会教育问题论网 — 以制度变迁为中心的多维分析

Issues on Social Education during the Period of the Republic of China：The Multi—Dimensional Analysis on the Institutional Change

要理解现任中国的教育问题，社会教育是不可或缺的一翼。社会教育在整个民国 的制度设计中，是一个处在流变过程中的历史概念，其历史功能包括教育改造和社会改造两个方面，其具体职能在不同阶段有不同的内涵和表现。在社会教育的主体方面，知识分子群体和国家、地方政权三方在不同阶段扮演着不同的角色，并呈现出不同的相互关系。特别值得注意的是，围绕着解决国家自上而下的理性规划与基层社会自主、自治能力发展之间的矛盾，存在着不同的探索方式，但限于历史条件而未充分展开。

The educational problems of modern China could not be well understood without considering social education as an important part. Social education was a historical conception in the evolution of the whole institutional design during the period of the Republic of China， and its historical functions included two aspects：the educational reformation and social reformation. Its concrete functions had different connotations and appearances at different phases. The intellectual groups and the government at the central and the local levels played different roles as the subjects of social education and displayed their multiple mutual relationships. Especially， there were some different ways of exploring the solutions to the contradiction between the national planning from up tot down， the development of social autonomy and self—governing the grass roots level， which was interrupted and could not be fully developed because of the historical condition.