学术职业化与美国高等教育的发展

Academic Professionalization and the Development of Higher Education in the United States

本文借鉴职业社会学的相关究成果，通过探讨1636 l─1914年间（特别是19世纪后期）美国学术职业化进程以及在这个过程中发挥作用的主要因素，分析了美国高等教育发展的内在动力机制。

This paper discusses the development of the academic profession and its influences on the evolution of higher education in the U.S. Its basic point is that the development of American academic profession has involved two significant transitions from tutors to the old─time professors and from the old─time professors to professional scholars. These transitions are one of the inner forces of the development for higher education in the United States.