农村教育：现状、困难与对策

Status quo, Difficulties and Countermeasures of the Development of Rural Education in China

中国农村教育在初歩实现普及教育目标后，面临着新的体制、政策和农村经济环境：财政体制改革改变了中央与地方政府的财政收支结构，农村税费改革以及农村经济和农民收入增长减缓，影响了农村教育经费的投入，农村教育发展困难加重。农村教育发展是解决我国农民、农业、农村问题的根本出路，要从国家战略的高采取对策措施：制定义务教育投入法规，规范中央、省、市（地）、县的经费分担责任；在目前税费改革中，加大中英和省级政府的财政转移支付力度；采取特殊政策措施，解决贫困区教育的燃眉之急；加强城乡教育的交流和统筹，逐歩缩小城乡教育差距；推进农村教育综合改革，实现农村教育与农村经济社会的协调发展。

After the goal of rural universal education in China has been achieved preliminarily， it faces a system， policies and rural economic environments. The reform of financial system change the structure of revenue and expenditure between central and local governments；the change of taxed and fees system in rural areas is being carried out；and rural economy and peasants’ earnings are only undergoing slow increase， etc. All these affect inputs of rural education， and lead to more and more difficulties to the development of rural education. Because rural education development is a fundamental way for resolving agricultural and rural problems in China， strategic measures should be taken.