当前美、英、日三国学校评估的新特点及启示

The New Traits of School Evaluation in the US, UK and Japan

本文采用[Why]、[What]、[How]框架，分析美国[不让一个孩子掉队--蓝带学校计划]、英国[每个孩子都重要]视导框架以及日本[义务教育学校评估指南]，发现美英日三国学校评估呈现出一些新特点：（1）在评估功能上兼顾问责与改进；（2）重视学生的发展与成就；（3）强调与家庭及校外的联系；（4）加强学校自我评估。这些新特点在一定程度上代表了当前学校评估领域的新趋势，对我国学校评估工作具有启示意义。

With the Why-What-How framework， we analyze [No Child Left Behind─Blue Ribbon School Program] in the US， [Every Child Matters: Framework for the Inspection of Schools in England from September 2005] in UK， and [Guideline for School Evaluation in Compulsory Education System] in Japan. There are some new traits as follows: Emphasizing on both accountability and improvement as far as evaluation function is concerned； Paying attention to the development and achievement of pupils； Highlighting communication between schools and families； And reinforcing school self-evaluation.