超越柯尔伯格：美国当代道德教育理论的变革

After Kohlberg：Reform of Contemporary Moral Education Theories in American

20世纪80年代至今，随着美国社会道德的危机与学校道德教育的乏力，理论界尝试提出不同的解释系统。针对柯尔伯格理论的批判与超越，已形成了三个比较有特色的理论流派：超越“公正”视野的关怀理论、超越“道德认知领域”的道德领域理论和超越“道德推理能力”培养的品格教育理论。它们不仅反映了美国道德教育理论变革的时代特征，而且深刻影响着当代美国道德教育实践的走向。

Since 1980s， scholars have put forward different theories concerning with moral crisis in American society and moral education in schools. There are three theories associated with Kohlberg’s theory：care theory goes beyond the vision of “fairness” in Kohlberg’s theory goes beyond moral cognitive domain; character education theory goes beyond moral reasoning ability， all of which not only reflect the reform in the moral education theory in the United State， but also have impact on contemporary moral educational practice.