应试导向的NCLB对美国教师教育的影响

The Impacts of Exam-oriented NCLB on the American Teacher Education

NCLB法案培育的“成绩文化”变革着美国K-12课堂教学和教师教育。美国的教师教育项目正承受着NCLB所带来的应试教育之痛：对“高质量教师”的界定使考试成为惟一入职门槛，教师的同质化趋势与学生多元化趋势之间的矛盾日益加剧，承受“成绩问责”考验的中小学制约了教师教育项目学生的实习过程，大学的教师教育项目必须在迎合NCLB成绩至上和秉持教育本质属性之间寻求平衡。

The ＂achievement culture＂， cultivated by The Act of NCLB， was transforming K-12 classroom instruction and teacher education. Teacher education program was bearing the pain of exam-oriented education: the narrow definition of highly qualified teacher makes testing as the only entrance threshold， the contradiction between teachers' homogenization and students' multiplication was intensifying， withstanding ＂the result accountability＂ the public schools limit the pre-teachers' practice experience， teacher education programs have to seek balance between pandering to NCLB and sticking to education attribute.