《美国竞争法》对我国研究型大学研发的启示―兼评中美研究型大学研发现状

Implications of America COMPETES Act for R&D of Research Universities in China-A Comparative Study on Present Situation of Research Universities' R&D between China and USA

《美国竞争法》是美国以研究型大学为重要研发基地，加大研发经费投入，实施系列教育、科研创新项目，为提升国家竞争力而实施的新战略。本文主要分析《美国竞争法》研发经费的投入与其制定的教育、科研创新项目，并从研发经费投入的强度、来源、支出结构及其学术成果方面对中美研究型大学研发作比较分析，以期为我国研究型大学研发的改善和国家竞争力的提升提供借鉴。

America COMPETES Act is a new strategy focusing on research universities， which aims at improving the competitiveness of the United States through increasing research and development funding and various research and education programs. This paper analyzes the R&D investments and the research and education programs put forward in this act. It compares the R&D expenditures of research universities between China and USA， in terms of the scale and intensity， resource， structure and outputs of academic research， as well as trying to provide suggestions for improving the R&D of research universities and promoting the competitiveness of China.