从联邦政府的三次干预透视美国研究型大学的发展

Perspectives on the Shaping of American Research Universities from Three Interventions of Federal Government

本文认为，20世纪以来美国研究型大学的迅速崛起并非单纯的自然演变过程，而是在联邦政府财政干预之下的突变过程，它是与联邦政府的有效干预密不可分的。本文以联邦政府的三次重大干预为脉胳，系统研究联邦政府干预大学的具体措施和方法，为我们分析世界一流大学的成因提供新的视角。

The rapid growth of American research universities is not a pure natural process， but a leap phenomenon resulting from the effective financial intervention and crisis intervention from the federal government. Based on this perception， the paper systematically studies the measures and methods of three federal interventions in order to provide some new perspectives on the shaping of world class universities and to gain some useful enlightenment to China.