Ethiopian高等教育「成本分担」制研究

Study on Cost Sharing in Ethiopian Higher Education System

为适应高等教育发展需要，根据国家教育和培训政策的相关条款，在充分酝酿和准备的前提下，Ethiopian政府自2003年起在公办高校开始推行「成本分担」计画。根据该项计画，学生将承担学习期间的全部食宿费用和15%的学费，在毕业一年后以「毕业税」的形式交纳。虽然计画的推行曾引起过不同的反响，实施计画的保障机制还需完善，但毕业税的顺利实施将促进教育公平、增强教育财政的后劲，使Ethiopian高等教育走出发展的困境，其积极意义已逐渐被社会所认识。

According to the terms of the Education and Training Policy， a scheme called ＂Cost Sharing＂， which had caused wide public debates， was introduced in Ethiopian Higher Education sector in 2003. Since then the students enrolled in public higher education institutions must share 15% tuition and the full cost for accommodation and food. As a beneficiary， the student begins to pay the sharing fees in the form of tax that called ＂Graduate Tax＂ a year after graduation. Although there are different reactions to the Cost Sharing Scheme， and the policy and the management systems need be improved， the successful implementation of Cost Sharing scheme will help Ethiopian higher education step out of its development dilemma and promote educational equality and strengthen financial assurance to higher education.