回归孔子——欧美启发式教学发展的终极归宿

Confucius Becomes New Icon of Western Educators

西方启发式教学强调教师问，学生答；其教学过程是始于教师的设问，而终于教师的结论，具有「以教论学」的特征。东方启发式教学则强调学生首先提出问题，再由教师答疑解难，注重教学的针对性，体现出「以学论教」的特征。回归东方是世界启发式教学在演进过程中实行自我扬弃的必然结果，追求孔子启发式教学所固有的学生主体观、以人为本的发展观和创造观等思想蕴涵是当代西方启发式教学发生转换的根本原因。

Western heuristic teaching method was originated from Socrates who initiated the teaching mode of “teachers ask， students answer”. A distinctive feature of this mode was that teachers were the decisive factor in the process of teaching and learning， who raised the questions at the very beginning and gave conclusions in the end. On the contrary， oriental style of heuristic teaching method based itself on the principle that students put forward their puzzles and then asked the teachers for advice. Nowadays， a new trend was that western educators regard Confucius as their icon. What attracts western educators most must be the humanism manifested in Confucius’ thinking and the spirit of Confucius’ heuristic method of teaching: that is student is the main actor and creator.