政府管制的两个限度与高等教育市场化

Two Limits of State Control and Marketization of Higher Education

高等教育接近于私人物品，但具有公共性，这种公共性为政府的管制奠定了合法性的基础。公共性与管理方式奠定了政府管理高等教育的两个限度。两个限度的实质是政府、市场、社会与高校间的权力分割刀、责任分担的界线问题。所谓市场化就是要解决界线问题。但仅有市场化是不够的，非政府组织的存在是解决权力分割与责任分担界线问题的必要准备。此外，高等教育市场化的要旨应在于实现公私之间、公立内部之间的充分竞争。

Higher education is a kind of personal goods but more a public goods. This provides legitimacy for state control. The public nature and the way of governance determine two limits for state control of higher education. The essence of the two limits rests with the power─sharing and responsibility ─sharing among government， market， society and universities. The marketization is a way out for the limits， but not enough. The non─governmental organizations are the necessary preparation to deal with the limits. In addition， the main purpose of marketization of higher education should promote competition between public and private universities and the competition within public universities in a full scale.