海洛因戒除者的行为冲动性：基于DDT和IGT任务反应模式的探讨

Impulsivity in Heroin Abstainers: Reaction Pattern Based on the Delay-Discounting Task and the Iowa Gambling Task

以 61名男性海洛因戒除者和32名正常成年男性为被试，探讨了海洛因戒除者在延迟折扣任务和Iowa赌博任务两种决策条件下的冲动性反应模式及其关系。结果发现，海洛因戒除者的决策行为受其对即时强化的超敏感性或即时收益优先模式控制，其高冲动性特质既表现为对强化物长远价值的非敏感性，又表现为对强化物潜在风险的耐受性；该类人群上述两方面的特征虽有一定关联，但二者分别反应了其行为冲动性的两个相对独立的维度，且具有跨戒除时相的相对稳定性。

Impulsive drug-seeking has been one of typical characteristics of all drug-dependent individuals (Altman et al.， 1996; Dawe et al.， 2004; Dom， Hulstijn， et al.， 2006)， and questionnaire assessments based on self-reporting have been essentially taken as the conclusive metrical method of assessing impulsivity in the population. However， due to the varieties of meanings of impulsivity (Evenden， 1999; Dougherty et al.， 2005)， the correlation between the results of self-reporting and those of laborat