积极情绪对任务转换的影响

The Effects of Positive Emotions on Task Switchin

通过两个行为实验考察了积极情绪图片所诱发的情绪状态对任务转换的影响及其机制。研究任务是数字分类任务，分为保持和转换两个阶段。首先要求被试对靶刺激形成一定的习惯化反应，然后改变任务要求。实验1以53名大学生为被试，分别在积极情绪、消极情绪和中性条件下完成任务，发现在与中性条件相比时，积极情绪促进任务转换，消极情绪延缓任务转换。实验2以37名大学生为被试，增加了一种转换条件，考察积极情绪促进任务转换的心理原因，结果表明积极情绪因偏好新异刺激而促进任务转换。

The generation of appropriate behavioral responses requires the ability to understand the global rules governing stimulus classification， to select the most fitting response from among competing possibilities， and to inhibit task-inappropriate prepotent responses. Cognitive flexibility refers to the ability to shift to a different thought or action according to the changes in a situation. Task switching is the most important component of cognitive flexibility. In task switching paradigms， subjec