未来配偶偏爱的特征——选择长期配偶与短期配偶的条件

Mate Preference Necessities in Long- and Short-Term Mating: People Prioritize in Themselves What Their Mates Prioritize in Them

该研究中被试分配有限“配偶币”来抉择与理想配偶标准相符合的性交往对象。首先，该研究重复验证了Li 等人 (2002) 和Kenrick (2006)的发现，男性理想的长期配偶需要外表出众，而女性理想的长期配偶需要社会地位较高；两性理想的短期配偶都必须外表出众。其次，两性所投射出的理想自我与潜在配偶偏好的特征一致，研究发现，长期性交往条件下，男性需要具有较高社会地位，女性需要外表出众；短期性交往条件下，男性和女性都需要外表出众。评价潜在配偶的机制与评价现有配偶的机制可能是两种受到选择的不同的心理机制。

People were given highly constrained low budgets of mate dollars to allocate across various characteristics pertaining to their ideal partners and to their ideal selves for long- and short-term mating. First， results replicated findings from Li et al. (2002) and Li & Kenrick (2006). For ideal long-term mates， men prioritized physical attractiveness and women prioritized social status. For ideal short-term mates， both sexes prioritized physical attractiveness. Second， people’s design of their ideal selves mirrored what the opposite sex ideally desired in their mates. For a long-term mating context， men prioritized social status in themselves and women prioritized physical attractiveness in themselves. For ideal short-term selves， both sexes prioritized physical attractiveness. Findings were consistent with a domain-specific view of psychological mechanisms， in that processes for valuing potential mates and processes for valuing one’s own mate value may be specialized mechanisms.