早期经验对繁衍策略形成与发展的影响

Experience in Childhood and the Development of Reproductive Strategies

很多发展心理学家探讨了早期经验与心理行为发展的关系，但这些发展心理学家较少以进化理论为指导来探讨不同发展阶段的心理行为特点。比如，配偶选择、性交往与父母教养等成果颇丰的研究领域均缺少以进化理论为基础的理论解释。与主流的发展心理学研究不同，Draper和Harpending (1982)，Ellis (2004)，Chisholm (1996) 和Belsky等(1991)以进化理论为基础探讨了早期经验与繁衍策略对儿童心理行为发展的影响。进化观点认为儿童在家庭中获得的早期经验会影响身体发育与未来的繁衍策略。Ellis（2004）已经证实女性青春期确实与早期家庭经验有关。

Even though a great deal of mainstream developmental psychology is devoted to understanding whether and how experiences in childhood shape psychological and behavioural development later in life， little theoretical attention has been paid to why such cross-time influences should characterize human development. This is especially true with respect to the well-studied determinants of mating， pair bonding and parenting. Theoretically， Draper and Harpending (1982)， Belsky et al. (1991)， Ellis (2004) and Chisholm (1996) have all addressed this lacuna， stimulating research on linkages between childhood experience and reproductive strategy， which is summarised in this paper. Concern for experiential effects on pubertal timing distinguishes this line of inquiry from more traditional developmental studies because an evolutionary perspective suggests that experiences in the family might affect somatic development. Fifteen years since BSD advanced their “uncanny” prediction， it seems clear that this pubertal timing， at least in females， is related to selected aspects of early family experience (Ellis， 2004)