团队中信任形成的映象决策机制

The Image Decision Mechanism of Trust Building in Teams Wang Chongming,Deng Jingsong

有关团队管理的研究日益注重团队行为过程及其因素并聚焦团队动力机制。其中，团队中信任形成机制成为管理心理学中的前沿领域。以往研究表明，团队成员间的信任模式及其水平是高绩效工作团队的关键条件，团队中信任的形成过程受到成员的个体价值取向、人际交往能力、团队领导风格以及团队共享心理模型特征等诸多因素的影响。而团队信任形成与发展的机制，则仍然是有待深入研究的重要课题。为了进一步研究与分析团队运作机制，以映象理论为基础，采用了实验模拟方法，系统考察团队成员信任的形成过程及其关键特征，深入探索团队成员信任形成的映象决策机制。实验采用团队局域网络模拟方法和被试间因子式设计，分别设置了高目标冲突（个体目标导向）和低目标冲突（团队目标导向）等两种条件。对随机组合的20个团队进行了投资任务的实验模拟与分析，结果表明，团队成员的信任决策是一种映象决策，表现出拒绝阈限。在建立信任关系的过程中，理想映象和当前映象的加工对能力和诚信更加重视，容易导致不信任；而对善意的要求稍宽一些。团队成员在工作任务中对理想映象和当前映象之间进行相容性检验，并作出信任决策判断。在这一动态过程中，相容性知觉起着部分中介作用，形成了映象决策的机制。

Studies on team management have increasingly focused on team behavioral processes and its dynamic mechanisms. Among them， trust-building has become a frontier research area in industrial and organizational psychology. Previous research showed that the trust among team members is a key condition for high performance work teams. Trust building and its processes are affected by various factors such as individual value-orientation， interpersonal ability， team leadership styles， and mental model of team sharing. More in-depth research， however， is needed on team trust-building and -development. Using the image theory， this study systematically examined trust-building process and its key characteristics among team members in order to explore its image decision mechanisms. This study employed an experimental simulation method using a between-subject factorial design with two conditions (high goal conflict under individual goals vs low goal conflict under team goals). Network experimental simulation methodology was used. Twenty teams were randomly assigned to perform team tasks of investment under one goal condition. The results of these experiments showed that trust decision among team members was an image decision and it showed a rejection threshold. In the process of trust building， dimensions of ability and integrity were more important than kindness under both ideal and current images. The team members made their compatibility testing between ideal images and current images in order to make their trust decision judgment. In this dynamic process， the compatibility perception played a partial intervening effect and the image decision mechanism was established.