品牌态度强度与品牌态度可达性的关系性质

The Relationship between Attitude Strength and Attitude Accessibility in Brand Evaluation

运用态度量表和反应时实验比较了品牌态度强度与品牌态度可达性的关系性质。研究发现，女性被试对保健品品牌要素的态度评价越肯定，态度通达和提取的时间就越快，两者之间形成有规律的函数关系；但在否定性态度条件下，没有出现类似的规律性；当要求被试把模糊性态度明确为肯定或否定态度时，67％的被试明确为否定态度，但所用时间显著慢于明确为肯定态度所用的时间。

Brand attitude accessibility is related to brand attitude strength， which is usually viewed as a well-established feature of attitude strength. However， there might be accessibility difference between positive and negative attitudes， and the difference might influence the relationship between attitude accessibility and attitude strength.This study focused on whether the relationship between attitude accessibility and attitude strength is symmetric when brand evaluations changed from positive to negative. Paper-and-pencil questionnaire and response-time technique were used to investigate this question. Our hypothesis was that， a strong correlation between attitude accessibility and attitude strength would exist only when judgment on brand attributes was positive.MethodOne hundred seventy female subjects were consumers of the same brand of functional food (average age = 46 years old， SD=6.21)， recruited through the telephone by research assistants. The subjects were asked to rate the importance of each brand attributes (29 items) about functional foods.At the first stage， subjects were asked to complete a 5 point likert-type questionnaire， to indicate the importance of each brand attributes (where 1 = least important， 5 = most important). Their responses were defined as the degree of brand attitude strength. At the second stage， brand attitude accessibility was measured. Subjects were asked to give a “Yes/No” judgment on the above mentioned responses (memory-based). If one attribute was rated as most important or more important at the first stage， the subjects should give a “Yes” response; if one attribute was rated as least important or less important at the first stage， the subjects should give a “No” response. Their response time for every judgment was recorded by the computer， as indicator of brand accessibility.Results(a) Average response speed for positive judgment on brand attributes was significantly faster than that for negative judgment on brand attributes(2993ms vs. 3617ms， F＝28.72，p