口吃者的言语计划缺陷——来自词长效应的证据

The Speech Plan Deficit of People who stutter: Evidence from Word Length Effect

口吃者与非口吃者在词长效应上的差异是口吃语音编码缺陷的一个重要的支持证据。本研究在综述词长效应研究的基础上，对这种解释提出了三点置疑，即词频、句法复杂性和发音长度也可能是造成词长效应差异的主要原因，并通过三个实验进行了验证。实验一和实验三在口吃者和非口吃者之间都得到了稳定的词长效应差异，并且排除了词频和发音长度对于这种差异的影响；实验二在控制词长的条件下，发现口吃者对于句法复杂性是敏感的。因此，本研究的结果支持口吃在言语产出中的语音编码和句法编码中都存在缺陷。同时，本研究对于口吃治疗也提供了有价值的参考建议。

Substantial evidence has suggested that the processes of speech plan of people who stutter (PWS) may be impaired. Recently， discussions focused mainly on the exact process in which PWS have deficit. The difference of word length effect between PWS and people who do not stutter (PWNS) provided important support for the phonological encoding deficit hypothesis of stuttering. By reviewing the literatures on word length effect， three alternative explanations for this difference were put forward. Fir