汉语形声字声旁家族大小对整字发音的影响

Orthogrphic Neighborhood Effects in the Pronunciation of Chinese Words

拼音文字阅读中的“家族效应]是语音通达研究的一个重要角度，然而，汉字语音通达的家族效应研究却未见报道。本文运用快速命名的实验范式，对汉字形声字声旁家族大小对整字语音通达的影响进行了研究。结果发现汉字阅读中也存在家族效应，但是与拼音文字正好相反，声旁家族越大，反应时越长，在不规则汉字阅读中表现更为明显，显示了汉语语音通达有别于拼音文字的特殊性。

Much research has shown that， in alphabetic writing systems， words or pseudo-words with large orthographic neighborhood size (N) are pronounced with shorter reaction time(RT) than those with smaller neighborhood size. However， it is not known whether the same effect can be found in the Chinese writing system since Chinese characters are not composed by ＂letters＂ which are commonly found in alphabetic writing systems. Eighty and half percent of the Chinese characters are semantic-phonetic compound characters comprising a semantic radical and a phonetic radical. Phonetic radicals indicate the phoneme of the characters， and in Chinese many characters have the same phonetic radical. For example， characters such as “炬、距、钜、拒、讵、柜” have the same phonetic radical “巨”. Although words like ‘柜”「gui4」 do not have the same phoneme as other words mentioned above， it is only an irregular word. It is thus obvious that the Chinese writing system also contains orthographic neighborhood. The present study aimed to investigate whether the N effect existed in Chinese， and if it did， whether the effect was different between the Chinese and alphabetic writing systems.