班级生态系统对儿童亲社会行为影响的研究述评

Effect of Classroom Ecosystem on Children’s Prosocial Behavior

依据生态系统观以及班级环境中亲社会行为研究的进展，在班级环境中，与儿童人际互动最密切，对其亲社会行为具有重要影响的两类人群是——同伴和教师。作者把儿童与同伴、儿童与教师之间的互动关系作为班级环境中两个重要生态子系统，依次介绍了班级环境中这两个生态子系统的各成分，以及它们对儿童亲社会行为的影响。文章最后指出，该领域的研究应注重人际间的双向互动、基于观察的互动模式研究、以及重视时间变量对行为过程的影响。

Based on Eco-system theory and recent research on prosocial behaviors in class environment， the article defined and reviewed interaction between children with two groups——peer and teacher——both of them interact with children closely and have an important impact on their prosocial behavior， as two sub-ecosystems under the context of class environment. And it reviewed components which constituted such two sub-ecosystems. Finally， more emphasis should be put on dyadic interaction， the research way of interactional model based on observation as an alternative， and time variables affecting behavioral process.