社会认知神经科学研究的最新进展

Progress in Research on Social Cognitive Neuroscience

社会认知神经科学是一门采用认知神经科学技术研究社会认知现象的交叉学科，目前已经形成认知神经科学与心理生理学的热点研究领域。该文回顾了近年来有关情绪、情绪障碍、自我意识、经济决策、道德等方面的脑机制研究，临床研究和脑成像研究表明，恐惧、厌恶、愤怒、惊讶、快乐、悲伤等基本情绪在表达和识别上具有普遍性与特殊性；孤独症与”男性脑”的特征相关，抗抑郁药百优解对抑郁症儿童的治疗作用；在自我意识的研究领域，自我概念产生的脑区定位、灵长类的自我意象、精神疾病患者的自我概念变化等研究的热点问题；经济决策的研究最近成为亮点之一，主要包括强互惠合作、风险决策、跨期选择以及品牌决策等方面；在道德的脑机制研究中，重点渉及了道德判断与捐赠行为的神经基础，文章最后展望了社会认知神科学在我国发展的前景。

Social cognitive neuroscience is an interdisciplinary subject using cognitive neuroscience technology to research social cognitive phenomena， and it has become a hotspot in the fields of cognitive neuroscience and psychophysiology. This article reviewed studies on the brain mechanism concerning some relative aspects in recent years as follows：The universality and particularity of the expression and identification of the basic emotions like fear， disgust， angry， surprise ， happiness and sadness， which the clinical research and brain imaging studies had revealed. The diagnostic relevance of autism and the “male brain”， and the therapeutic effects of Pazoc in child depression. The research on self-concept is focusing on the location of the self-concept in the brain， the self-image of the primates， and the variance of the self-concept in patients with mental illness. The studies on economic decision-making attracted many cognitive neuroscientists in the filed， which consists of strong reciprocity， risk decision-making， intertemporal choice and brand preference. The research of brain mechanism of morality is mainly on the neural basis of moral judgment and donation behavior. The end of the article was a vista of the development of social cognitive neuroscience in China.