西方心理分离的研究回顾

The Study of Psychological Separation in Western Country

近几十年来，家庭对儿童青少年心理发展的影响受到众多研究者的关注，国外家庭研究和治疗领域的许多研究者进行了大量有关心理分离的研究。心理分离即个体与家庭在心理上的分离并形成个体化的程度。文章从心理分离的界定、心理分离的理论背景（Mahler发展阶段理论、Bowen家庭系统理论）、心理分离的测量方法、心理分离研究现状这几个方面对现有研究进行了综述，并做了简要评述，最后阐述了西方心理分离的研究对我国家庭研究与治疗的启示，并对未来的研究进行了展望。

In recent years， researchers interested in the influence of family on the development of children， while foreign family researchers and therapists began pay attention to the study of psychological separation. Psychological separation is the process of individual separates from their family and develops their individuation psychologically. The article focuses on the definition of psychological separation， the theoretic background of psychological separation， which consists of Mahler’s developmental phases theory and Bowen’s systemic family theory， measurement of psychological separation， and conclusions of previous researches， expatiate the inspiration which psychological separation researchers bring to our national family research and therapy， and prospect the research of future.