基于不同研究取向的应对问卷述评

A Review of Coping Questionnaires Based on Different Approaches

随着社会的发展，人们现实的精神压力的增大，压力应对方式的研究日益受到广泛重视。研究者们依据不同的理论模型建构了各种应对问卷，此文总结了5种主要的应对研究取向，包括应对过程研究取向、应对特质研究取向、应对认知思维研究取向、应对能力研究取向以及特定情境应对研究取向等，并对相应的问卷做了一个整体的回顾，最后提出了应对研究发展的新方向以及对应对测量工具提出的新要求。

Coping is among the most widely studies topics in contemporary psychology. This paper gives an overview of the main theories of coping research and the questionnaires based on different approaches. The five studying approaches in coping research are proposed：the process approach， the trait approach， the cognitive thinking approach， the coping ability approach， and the specific─situation approach. In the end， the methodological challenges， theoretical advances and clinical applications for future research on stress and coping are discussed.