心理测验中个人拟合研究的回顾与展望

The Person-Fit Researches in Psychological Tests

个人拟合研究是对心理测验中偏差行为鉴别的一种新方法，它以Guttman理想模型、项目反应理论和非参数项目反应理论为基础。传统个人拟合指标是对宽泛偏差行为的检验，当前个人拟合研究更具体、更形象，针对于某种偏差行为的专门性指标和图形与回归分析受到了越来越多的关注。但无论哪种个人拟合方法都会受到各种无关因素的影响，如何克服这些影响，提高个人拟合方法的实际应用价值将成为个人拟合研究的主要方向。

Person-fit research which based on Guttman model， Item response theory and Nonparametric Item Response Theory is a new kind of method to discriminate the aberrant responses behaviors in psychological tests. Traditional person-fit statistics were used to discriminate the abroad aberrant behaviors but current person-fit researches are more special and visual. The researches of specialized statistics， graph and regression analysis have become the focus of current study. However， all kind of person-fit statistics are influenced by many irrelevant factors. How to control these factors and improve the practical value of person-fit statistics will become the main research tendency in this area.