应激的缓冲器：人格坚韧性

A Stress-Buffering in Personality: Hardiness

过去30年来，关注身心保健和组织行为的心理学家都对人格心理学中的一个概念发生了兴趣，就是人格坚韧性（hardiness），大量实证研究证明人格坚韧性可以有效地缓解生活应激给人们带来的身心不适，并有助于提高人们在各领域的工作表现。该文在回顾西方以往研究的基础上，介绍这一概念，以及这方面研究的不足之处，并提出在中国开展此项研究的思路。作为整体人格结构的一部分，人格坚韧性应该从人格“大五”或“大七”结构中探索。在中国已有研究发现，人格“大七”维度对身心健康有不同的影响，哪些维度构成人格坚韧性，这些问题有待进一步的研究。

Over the past 30 years， behavioral scientists and various health care professionals have expressed an interest in the concept of psychological hardiness. This interest has been shown through theoretical analysis of the concept and implementation of a number of research studies. This article presents the concept of hardiness by reviewing literature that has been published in western countries， as well as proposes the approach to explore the Chinese's hardiness. As a part of the construction of personality， hardiness should be explored in “Big Five” or “Big Seven”. In China， studies have shown the big seven dimensions in personality have different influences on physical and metal health. So the question which dimensions construct the hardiness is waited for an answer.