人格结构的中西方差异与中国人的人格特点

Chinese-Western Differences of Personality Structure and Specialty of Chinese Personality

该文旨在通过对中西方人格结构的比较和分析揭示文化与人格结构的关系，并探寻中国人人格结构的文化意义。根据词汇学假设进行的中西方人格结构的研究结果表明，人格结构的形成是建立在对行为归类的基础之上的，中西方人格结构的差异最直接的原因就在于中西方对行为归类的差别。中国文化比较强调整体性、联系性以及评价性是造成中国人与西方人行为归类差异的原因，而更深层次的原因则是中西方文化中对人性看法的差异。中国人人格量表有着比较理想的预测效度，而且与西方大五人格量表相比更高的预测效度，这些均表明中国人人格结构的合理性。文中还提出了进一步研究的展望。

This article was aimed at exploring relations between culture and personality structure， and cultural implications of Chinese personality. Researches on both Chinese and Western personality structure based on lexical hypothesis indicated that the formation of personality structure were based on behavior classification， and differences between Chinese and Western personality were caused by differences of behavior classification， which originated from different emphasis on perception， cognition， and thinking styles of cultures. Empirical evidences also indicated better predictive powers of Chinese personality， instead of Western personality structures. Further research directions were also discussed.