言语与手部运动关系的研究回顾

Relationship between Speech and Hand Movement

言语与手部运动之间存在复杂的联系。该文总结了两类手部运动(伴随言语发生的手势运动和抓握运动)与言语之间关系的行为和脑科学研究成果。发现：(1)伴随言语产生的意义手势可促进言语加工，特别是词汇的提取过程；(2)观察手的抓握运动影响言语产生时唇的运动和声音成分；(3)对词语的知觉影响抓握运动的早期计划阶段；(4)言语产生可增加手运动皮层的兴奋性。作者由此认为，言语加工与手势间的联系不仅表现为神经通路的重叠和相互激活，而且可能在外显行为上也相互影响。

The relation between speech and hand movement has been unclear. The findings of behavioral and neurological researches on the relation between speech and two types of hand movement， specifically gestures accompanied with speech and grasping， were reviewed. The results were summarized as follows：(1) gestures accompanied with speech facilitated speech process， especially lexical retrieval; (2) online observation of hand grasping influenced the lip movement and voice of speech; (3) word perception influenced the plan of grasping; (4) speech production increased the excitability of hand motor cortex. It was implied that the relation between speech and hand movement was reflected not only in the overlap and mutual activation of neural paths， but also in interaction of explicit behavior. The further researches focusing the relation between hand movement and sub-processes of speech perception and production were suggested.