工作记忆与情景记忆的相互作用

The Interaction Between Working Memory and Episodic Memory

虽然Baddeley的工作记忆模型得到大量实验研究的支持，但是有关工作记忆和长时记忆之间的关系未能得到详细阐述。来自神经心理学的证据表明，工作记忆与情景长时记忆任务均诱发了前额区的激活，但同时发现前额区存在不同的功能分区，可能在工作记忆与情景记忆过程中具有独立的执行功能。工作记忆与情景记忆的相互作用是当前记忆研究关注的问题。已有研究发现，在情景记忆对工作记忆的作用过程中，时间进程与头皮分布均显示了年龄效应与材料加工特点。而工作记忆对情景记忆的作用中，则发现工作记忆早期加工可能对情景记忆的成功形成有更大促进作用。今后的研究应在理论模型支持下，利用多种技术手段探讨两种记忆相互作用的神经加工机制。

Although the working memory modal by Baddeley is supported by various experimental results， the relationship between working memory and long-term memory is unsolved. The evidence from neuropsychology showed that prefrontal region was involved in both working memory and episodic memory tasks. Meanwhile， some researches found that there was different prefrontal sub-regions which execute separate functions for working memory and episodic memory. The study topic in future should be focus on the interaction between the two memory systems. The precious studies results show the age effect and material-specific on the temporal and scalp distribution when the studied experience stored at episodic memory impact the content of working memory. On the other hand， the earlier process stage of working memory may determine successful episodic memory forming. The future studies should focus on exploring the neuropsychological mechanism of two memory system by employing various approaches supported by theoretical frame.