如何使学习者为知识社会做好准备—访国际知名教育心理学家玛琳‧斯卡德玛丽亚教授

How to Prepare Learners for a Knowledge Society——Interview with Dr. Marlene Scardamalia

玛琳‧斯卡德玛丽亚（Marlene Scardamalia）教授是加拿大多伦多大学安大略教育研究院（OISE/UT）的首席专家，知识创新与技术研究所（Institute for Knowledge Innovation and Technology，简称IKIT）的所长。IKIT是以促进知识建构前沿为目标的由不同部门的创新工作者组成的世界性研究机构。作为IKIT的创始人之一，斯卡德玛丽亚与Carl Bereiter教授一起开发并完善了知识建构理论、实践以及相应的技术支撑环境，成为计算机支持的协作学习领域的奠基人之一。斯卡德玛丽亚教授的研究领域十分广泛，主要涉及知识创造教育、认知发展、写作心理学、目的性学习、知识/专门技术的本质、计算机教育应用、学习和知识工作中基于研究的创新等。这些年来，斯卡德玛丽亚以其优秀的领导才能带领她的研究队伍开展研究，在教育创新领域做出了许多贡献。她与Carl Bereiter教授曾在2005年因其在“知识建构环境”和“知识社会网络”开发中做出的突出成绩被多伦多大学授予首个“CSCL事业成就奖”；2006 年，斯卡德玛丽亚因在促进世界教育机会方面所做的杰出贡献被世界文化委员会（World Cultural Council）授予最高荣誉“世界教育奖”；2007年，IKIT获得安大略省研究与创新组织颁发的“ORION学习奖”。 斯卡德玛丽亚的代表性著作包括与Carl Bereiter教授共同撰写的《写作心理学》（The Psychology of Written Composition）、《超越自己：对知识/专门技术的本质和涵义的探究》（Surpassing Ourselves: An Inquiry into the Nature and Implications of Expertise）以及与Carl Bereiter、Bryant Fillion共同撰写的《写作成效》（Writing for Results）。 近几年，斯卡德玛丽亚及其研究队伍主要从事加拿大社会科学和人文科学研究委员会（SSHRC）资助的“超越最好的实践：基于研究的创新学习和知识工作（Beyond Best Practice：Research Based Innovation Learning and Knowledge Work）”项目的研究工作。

Dr. Marlene Scardamalia is the Presidents' Chair in Education and Knowledge Technologies at OISE/U of T in Canada. As co-founder and Director of the Institute for Knowledge Innovation and Technology (IKIT) her research helps to provide intellectual leadership for an international network of educational innovators. Her areas of research include education for knowledge creation， cognitive development， psychology of writing， intentional learning， the nature of expertise， educational use of computers， and research-based innovation in learning and knowledge work. In 2005， along with Carl Bereiter， she was honored with the first-ever CSCL (Computer Supported Collaborative Learning) Career Achievement Award for foundational work in knowledge building environments and the Knowledge Society Network. In 2006 Marlene received the World Award of Education from the World Cultural Council， for a worldwide effort to advance educational opportunities. In 2007， the Institute for Knowledge Innovation and Technology received the ORION (Ontario Research and Innovation Optical Network )Learning Award for development of the world’s first collaborative learning environment and for leadership in research-based innovations in theory， pedagogy， and technology， all aimed at making citizens part of a 21st-century knowledge-creating culture. Her publications include The Psychology of Written Composition and Surpassing Ourselves: An Inquiry into the Nature and Implications of Expertise (both with Carl Bereiter) and Writing for Results (with Bereiter and Bryant Fillion). In recent years， Dr. Marlene Scardamalia is using the SSHRC (the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada) grant to work on a study called