远程学习者的成败归因方式研究

Study of Imputation Mode of Distance Learners’ Achievement Attribution

本研究采用问法对国内四省市250名远程学习者施测，并使用重复测量方差分析等方法，分析了远程学习者的成败归因方式及部分影响因素。研究结果发现：（1）远程学习者总的归因方式倾向于内控性的努力；（2）从成功和失败两方面的归因方式来看，远程学习倾向于把成功归因于外在背景，而把失败归因于内在努力。（3）对学习者成败归因方式有显著影响的因素是学历。研究结果可以为促进远程教育学习者的情感反应和改变学习动机提供可供参考的实证依据。

This research was designed to aim at exploring the characteristics of achievement attribution for 250 distance learners in four cities by questionnaire. The results were as following：（1）In general， distance learners trend to effort attribution. （2）Distance learners preferred external background attribution for success， and due to the intrinsic effort for failure.（3）The significant factor that influences the attribution is their degrees of education. Results are helpful for the promotion of distance learners’ motivation and emotion.