幼兒園教保服務品質與評鑑的省思

Reflections on the Quality and Evaluation of Early Childhood Education and Care ServicesEarly Childhood Education and Care Services

本文旨探討幼兒園評鑑與教保服務品質之關聯性。首先，敘述品質理論中的兩個不同的面向，即結構品質與過程品質的意涵，並以幼兒園提供教保服務所涉及資源、條件及過程為例說明之。為確保幼兒教保服務機構品質，必須先要有「結構與過程」兼具的品質標準，作為評鑑指標並據此展開幼兒園評鑑活動。
其次，作者引用中英文辭典，表明評鑑或評量的中英文意義。簡要描述聚焦在探討評鑑應然層面，提供評鑑內在觀點之規範性評鑑理論，以及注重在闡述評鑑實然面，引導評鑑外在實踐之描述性評鑑理論。說明評鑑種類中的內部評鑑、外部評鑑與CIPP評鑑模式。接著闡明評鑑是一種價值判斷的動態過程，蒐集有用資訊，形成判斷，並據以作成決定的過程。無庸置疑，評鑑的重要意義是在追求改進；但是，許多政策、方案、計畫或教學，其實也需要通過評鑑來證明其成效。
第三，介紹美國幼兒教保機構的品質認證評鑑，包括自願認證體系的三個主要評鑑程序自我評鑑，實地查證拜訪，評鑑委員會裁決；以及認證評鑑指標的內容，即高品質幼教機構之標準。第四，概述台灣幼托整合前後的幼兒園評鑑活動，其法制基礎，辦理方式及基礎評鑑指標等。最後，藉由幼兒園評鑑三部曲，以及基礎評鑑指標的反思，討論幼兒園教保服務品質與評鑑的關係。

This article explores the relationship between preschool evaluation and the quality of childcare and education services. The writer describes two distinct dimensions of quality theory—structural quality and process quality—and illustrates them using the resources, conditions, and excellent processes involved in providing education and care services in preschool. To ensure the quality of early childhood education and care, we must establish quality standards that encompass both ''structure'' and ''process'' as evaluation indicators.
Next, the author cites Chinese and English dictionaries to clarify the Chinese and English meanings of evaluation or assessment. A brief description is given of normative evaluation theory, which provides internal perspectives on evaluation, and descriptive evaluation theory, which guides the external practices of evaluation. Evaluation is then explained as a dynamic process of value judgment, gathering useful information, forming judgments, and making decisions based on them. While evaluation is undoubtedly important in the pursuit of improvement, many policies, programs, plans, and teaching programs also require evaluation to demonstrate their effectiveness.
Third, the accreditation system and criteria for high quality early childhood programs of NAECP are introduced. Fourth, the author outlines kindergarten evaluation activities before and after the integration of early childhood education and care in Taiwan, including their legal basis, procedures, and basic evaluation indicators. Finally, through the three-step kindergarten evaluation process and reflection on basic evaluation indicators, the relationship between preschool education and care service quality and evaluation will be discussed.