美国大学后终身制评估模式及影响因素探析

A Study of Models and Factors Promoting Post ─ Tenure Review in American Universities

近十多年来”后终身制评估”政策在美国大学迅速兴起，但我国对它研究还不多见。本文介绍了美国大学目前存在的五种后终身制度评估模式，分析了评估政策产生的三大影响力量，提出政府力量是该政策启动的直接因素，社会力量是间接因素，而校园力量则是其内部动因。三种力量共同作用，使后终身制度评估政策的启动成为一种必然。

In the recent ten years， post─tenure review has been initiated in more and more American universities， but there are few Chinese researches to study this issue. The article introduced five models of post─tenure review， analyzed three factors affecting the initiation of post─tenure review. The conclusion is that the government encouragement is a direct factor， and the public push is an indirect one， while the campus is an inner stimulus. The interaction of the three factors has made the initiation of post─tenure review a necessity.