運用代理和賽局理論初探代理人議題：以一所公辦民營托育機構為例

A Pilot Study Applying Agency and Game Theory: A Case Study of a Childcare Institution

本研究以一公辦民營托嬰中心為個案，蒐集2021至2022年運作資料並訪談主管，運用代理理論和賽局理論代理人問題。結果顯示，雖然法規提供基本框架，實務執行卻受人力調度困難、資訊不對稱、契約不利與報酬不足等限制，導致制度難以穩定。臨時人員因代理時間短、條件不穩，投入比例偏低，加重專職人員工作與休假壓力。代理人與機構目標差距亦引發任務抗拒。機構嘗試以酬勞、輪班及轉任機會提升穩定性。賽局分析辨識八種情境，其中兩種具合作潛力。建議強化代理人力規劃、優化薪資契約、提升資訊透明度，並重視專職人員的向心力與信任，以降低代理衝突與風險。本研究為初步個案探討，後續研究可進行跨區域與不同型態之比較研究。

This study examines agency issues in a childcare center operating under the transfer mode, drawing on operational data from 2021 to 2022 and interviews with the center’s director. Guided by agency theory and game theory, the analysis reveals that while existing regulations provide a basic institutional framework, implementation is hindered by staffing shortages, information asymmetry, unfavorable contracts, and insufficient incentives, making the system difficult to sustain. Temporary staff, due to short-term assignments and unstable conditions, demonstrate limited commitment, which increases the workload and leave pressures on full-time employees. Misaligned goals between agents and the institution further contribute to task resistance. To address these challenges, the center introduced measures such as financial incentives, shift adjustments, and opportunities for permanent positions to enhance stability. Game-theoretical analysis identified eight agency scenarios, with two demonstrating relative stability and potential for cooperation. The study recommends strengthening workforce planning, optimizing compensation and contract design, improving transparency, and fostering trust and cohesion among full-time staff to mitigate conflicts and risks. As an exploratory case study, future research could extend to childcare centers in different regions, scales, and operating models for comparative analysis.