臺灣八、九零年代煤礦封坑潮下煤礦工人反應相對平和之背景與影響因素探討

A Discussion on the Background and Influencing Factors Behind the Relatively Calm Responses of Coal Miners during the Mine Closure Wave in Taiwan in the 1980s and 1990s

本文旨在探討為何過去歷史上曾具有高度抗爭傳統的臺灣煤礦工人，甚至在軍事戒嚴時期臺灣的煤礦工人面對勞資爭議時都不乏出現罷工或怠工等對抗性的行動，然而，卻在1980至1990年代遭遇到持續封坑、停工潮時，並未如同一時期製造業關廠工人一樣，出大量激烈的抗爭行動，反而顯得相對平和。本文試圖從政策、工資與工會三項因素來討論與並提供可能的解釋途徑。

This paper aims to explore why Taiwan’s coal miners—who historically had a strong tradition of resistance and, even under martial law, engaged in strikes during labor disputes—did not, during the widespread mine closures and shutdowns of the 1980s and 1990s, launch the kind of large-scale, militant protests seen among factory workers facing closures in the manufacturing sector at the same time. Instead, coal miners responded in a relatively subdued manner. This study seeks to examine three key factors—government policy, wages, and trade unions—as possible explanations for this phenomenon.