话语分析 ─ 研究CSCL中协作意义建构的新方法

Discourse Analysis ─ a New Approach to Study Collaborative Meaning Construction in CSCL

计算器支持的协作学习（CSCL）中学习者主要是通过对话来进行义建构的，意义体现在话语之中。因此话语成为研究和分析协作意义建构的焦点。在过程的二十年中，研究话语正在成为研究社会情境下学习的一个重要的理论视角，因此通过研究话语来研究网络教育成为该领域的一个新的研究路径。文章在探讨了话语的概念和特点的基础上，阐述了话语分析的发展历程和理论基础，结合CSCL中协作意义建构的特点，提出了适合适用话语分析方法研究问题的要素、原则和方法，最后提出了运用话语分析可以研究的CSCL问题及其意义。

Learners in CSCL collaboratively construct meanings through dialogue and meaning is embodied in discourse， so discourse becomes the focus in analyzing collaborative meaning construction in online learning. In the past 20 years， the study of discourse has become a theoretical perspective to study learning in sociocultural context， and research on discourse is a new approach to study online education. This paper first explores the concept and characteristics of discourse， and discusses the history and theoretical foundation of discourse analysis. Based on the features of collaborative meaning making in CSCL， the paper proposes element， principles and methods of applying discourse analysis in research. The questions related to CSCL and implications to CSCL research and practice by discourse analysis are also discussed.