知识共享及其影响因素研究

Study on Knowledge Sharing and Its Influencing Factors

文章根据文献资料和调查研究成果，从知识共享的基本概念、目的动机、过程模式、影响因素四个方面对知识共享的本质与规律进行了比较深入的分析。文章认为知识包括显性知识与隐性知识两个部分，其中隐性知识是个人知识的主要部分。知识共享是再显性知识与隐性知识的不断相互转化中实现的。知识共享效果的好坏受到知识共享主体特点、内容特征和“共享场”环境条件的影响与制约，更多地重视隐性知识、强化显性知识与隐性知识的相互转化、为知识共享创造良好的环境条件是促进知识共享的关键。文章的研究将有利于更好地认知知识共享的本质，克服知识共享的障碍，更加有效地利用知识共享的规律促进知识的传播、创新和应用。

Knowledge can’t play its full function unless it is shared. Based on the related literature and our field investigation， this paper deeply analyzes the essence and regulation of knowledge sharing from the basic concept， motivation， proves model and influencing factors. Knowledge includes explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. The tacit knowledge is the main part of the whole knowledge of a person. Knowledge-sharing take place in the constantly mutual transformation of explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. The effect of Knowledge-sharing is influenced by the individual’s features， content character and the conditions of knowledge sharing. It is important for knowledge-sharing to pay more attention to the tacit knowledge， to strengthen mutual transformation of explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge and to create good environment for it. This study will help to better understand the nature of knowledge-sharing， to overcome the obstacles in the knowledge sharing process， and to use more effectively the regulation of knowledge-sharing to promote the knowledge innovation， communication and application，