高师理科教学与学生科学推理能力的培养

The Cultivation of the Abilities of Science Teaching and Scientific Reasoning of Students in Normal Colleges

科学推理能力是理科师范生应具备的一种重要能力。用[Lawson科学推理能力测试量表(LCTSR)]对四所师范院校理科学生进行测试，结果显示理科学生科学推理测试成绩普遍偏低；测查的7个能力维度水平发展不均衡，其中高级控制变量推理能力最低；能力维度得分与院校存在显著相关性但与专业和年级的相关性不显著，这表明师范院校理科教学对提高学生科学推理能力作用不明显。为此，结合理科教学现状进行深入分析了原因并提出理科教学改革的建议。

Scientific reasoning is an important ability for students majoring in science in normal colleges. This study investigated the development of students' scientific reasoning skill by testing the students majoring in science in four normal colleges with the Lawson's Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning instrument (LCTSR). The result shows that the scores are generally low; there is developmental unbalance of the seven dimensions tested， among which the Advanced Control of Variables get the lowest score in the reasoning ability; The scores of the ability dimension are highly related with the colleges but not majors or grades， which indicates that the science teaching in normal colleges has little effect on the improving of students' scientific reasoning ability. Therefore， the paper makes a deep analysis of the cause with a reference to the status quo of science teaching and gives some suggestions for the reform of science teaching.