西方道德教育、品格教育与公民教育关系初探

Research on the Relationships among Western Moral Education, Character Education and Citizenship Education

道德教育、品格教育和公民教育是当前西方教育学界热议、我国教育学也日益关注的话题。三者都与人的德性成长有关，但重心各异：道德教育在西方有着特殊内涵，受认知主义心理学的影响浓重，偏重学生道德认知能力的培养；品格教育以培育”好人”的品格、能力和习惯为指归；而公民教育是道德教育的一种形式，重心在于传递政府、制度方面的知识，形成”好公民”参政议政的能力为主旨。在关系上，公民教育需要品格教育和道德教育作为基础，反过来也有助于加强和拓展品格教育和道德教育。

Moral education， character education and citizenship education are the hot topics in the education academe of western countries at the present and they also attract the attention of Chinese educationists. All the three themes refer to the development of the moral character but different in emphasis. Moral education has special meanings in western countries. It is affected mainly by cognitive psychology， and pays more attention to the development of moral cognitive competence. Character education aims to foster some characters， abilities and attitudes which contribute to the ‘good person.”. Citizenship education as a form of moral education aims to convey the knowledge about the governments and politics to foster the abilities to be “good citizen” who can actively involve himself in the political activities. As fro the relationship of the three， citizenship education requires character education and moral education as its basis， in reverse， it also can help to strengthen and broaden character education and moral education.