论礼仪教育与城市新移民子女的亚文化跨越

On Etiquette Education and the Sub-Cultural Transition of the New Immigrants' Children in City

城市新移民子女的亚文化跨越要经历文化适应、社会融入、文化融合三个阶段。礼仪教育能够帮助城市新移民子女达成亚文化跨越各阶段的多数任务。在文化适应阶段，礼仪教育可以引导城市新移民子女与城市原住民子女实现和平共处，帮助他们理解、接受城市主流文化的核心价值观，并养成城市社会认同和推崇的良好行为习惯；在社会融入阶段，礼仪教育不仅可以为他们融入城市原住民及其子女社交圈提供中介或桥梁，融洽他们与城市原住民子女的关系，还可以帮助他们形成交往意识、礼仪行为和交往技能；在文化融合阶段，礼仪教育既可以减少乡村文化、「城中村」亚文化对他们的不良影响，促进他们认同、接受城市文化，实现同化，而且也可以促成他们与城市原住民子女的双向影响，从而实现文化融合。因此，礼仪教育应当成为我国城市新移民子女教育的重要模式。

The sub-cultural transition of the new immigrants' children in city covers three stages: cultural adaptation， social involvement and cultural integration. Etiquette education can help the new immigrants' children in city to achieve most of the tasks in each stage. In the cultural adaptation stage， etiquette education may guide the new immigrants' children and the city original resident children to realize peaceful coexistence， help them to understand， to accept the core values of the city mainstream culture， and to foster good behaviors and habits approved and esteemed by the city society. In the social involvement stage， etiquette education can not only provide them agency or bridge to help them to melt into the social circles of the city original residents and their children， to harmonize their relations with the city original resident children， but also can help them to form communication awareness， etiquette behaviors and communication skills. In the cultural integration stage， etiquette education may not only reduce bad influences of countryside culture， the sub-culture of “village in the city” to them， promote them to identify， to accept the city culture， so as to realize assimilation， but also may facilitate bidirectional influences between them and the city original resident children， thus to realize cultural integration. Therefore， etiquette education should become an important model for the education of new immigrants’ children in city in China.